diff --git a/app/api/geo/batch/route.ts b/app/api/geo/batch/route.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aff9dfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/api/geo/batch/route.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
+import type { ApiResponse } from '@/lib/types';
+
+interface IpLocationData {
+  ip: string;
+  country_name: string;
+  country_code: string;
+  city: string;
+  region: string;
+  continent_code: string;
+  continent_name: string;
+  latitude: number;
+  longitude: number;
+  timestamp: number;
+}
+
+// Simple in-memory cache on the server side to reduce API calls
+const serverCache: Record<string, IpLocationData> = {};
+
+// Cache for IPs that have repeatedly failed to resolve
+const failedIPsCache: Record<string, { attempts: number, lastAttempt: number }> = {};
+
+// Cache expiration time (30 days in milliseconds)
+const CACHE_EXPIRATION = 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 30 days
+
+// Max attempts to fetch an IP before considering it permanently failed
+const MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS = 3;
+
+// Retry timeout - how long to wait before trying a failed IP again (24 hours)
+const RETRY_TIMEOUT = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
+
+/**
+ * Check if an IP has failed too many times and should be skipped
+ */
+function shouldSkipIP(ip: string): boolean {
+  if (!failedIPsCache[ip]) return false;
+  
+  const now = Date.now();
+  
+  // Skip if max attempts reached
+  if (failedIPsCache[ip].attempts >= MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  
+  // Skip if last attempt was recent
+  if (now - failedIPsCache[ip].lastAttempt < RETRY_TIMEOUT) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Mark an IP as failed
+ */
+function markIPAsFailed(ip: string): void {
+  const now = Date.now();
+  
+  if (failedIPsCache[ip]) {
+    failedIPsCache[ip] = {
+      attempts: failedIPsCache[ip].attempts + 1,
+      lastAttempt: now
+    };
+  } else {
+    failedIPsCache[ip] = {
+      attempts: 1,
+      lastAttempt: now
+    };
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get location data for a single IP using ipapi.co
+ */
+async function fetchIpLocation(ip: string): Promise<IpLocationData | null> {
+  try {
+    // Skip this IP if it has failed too many times
+    if (shouldSkipIP(ip)) {
+      console.log(`[Server] Skipping blacklisted IP: ${ip}`);
+      return null;
+    }
+    
+    // Check server cache first
+    const now = Date.now();
+    if (serverCache[ip] && (now - serverCache[ip].timestamp) < CACHE_EXPIRATION) {
+      return serverCache[ip];
+    }
+    
+    // Add delay to avoid rate limiting (100 requests per minute max)
+    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 600)); // ~100 req/min = 1 req per 600ms
+    
+    const response = await fetch(`https://ipapi.co/${ip}/json/`);
+    
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      console.error(`Error fetching location for IP ${ip}: ${response.statusText}`);
+      markIPAsFailed(ip);
+      return null;
+    }
+    
+    const data = await response.json();
+    
+    if (data.error) {
+      console.error(`Error fetching location for IP ${ip}: ${data.reason}`);
+      markIPAsFailed(ip);
+      return null;
+    }
+    
+    // Reset failed status if successful
+    if (failedIPsCache[ip]) {
+      delete failedIPsCache[ip];
+    }
+    
+    const locationData: IpLocationData = {
+      ip: data.ip,
+      country_name: data.country_name || 'Unknown',
+      country_code: data.country_code || 'UN',
+      city: data.city || 'Unknown',
+      region: data.region || 'Unknown',
+      continent_code: data.continent_code || 'UN',
+      continent_name: getContinentName(data.continent_code) || 'Unknown',
+      latitude: data.latitude || 0,
+      longitude: data.longitude || 0,
+      timestamp: Date.now()
+    };
+    
+    // Cache the result
+    serverCache[ip] = locationData;
+    
+    return locationData;
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error(`Error fetching location for IP ${ip}:`, error);
+    markIPAsFailed(ip);
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get continent name from continent code
+ */
+function getContinentName(code?: string): string {
+  if (!code) return 'Unknown';
+  
+  const continents: Record<string, string> = {
+    'AF': 'Africa',
+    'AN': 'Antarctica',
+    'AS': 'Asia',
+    'EU': 'Europe',
+    'NA': 'North America',
+    'OC': 'Oceania',
+    'SA': 'South America'
+  };
+  
+  return continents[code] || 'Unknown';
+}
+
+/**
+ * API route handler for batch IP location lookups
+ */
+export async function POST(request: NextRequest) {
+  try {
+    const { ips } = await request.json();
+    
+    if (!ips || !Array.isArray(ips) || ips.length === 0) {
+      return NextResponse.json({
+        success: false,
+        error: 'Invalid or empty IP list'
+      }, { status: 400 });
+    }
+    
+    // Limit batch size to 50 IPs to prevent abuse
+    const ipList = ips.slice(0, 50);
+    const results: Record<string, IpLocationData | null> = {};
+    
+    // Filter out IPs that should be skipped
+    const validIPs = ipList.filter(ip => {
+      if (typeof ip !== 'string' || !ip.trim()) return false;
+      if (isPrivateIP(ip)) {
+        results[ip] = getPrivateIPData(ip);
+        return false;
+      }
+      if (shouldSkipIP(ip)) {
+        console.log(`[Server] Skipping blacklisted IP: ${ip}`);
+        results[ip] = null;
+        return false;
+      }
+      return true;
+    });
+    
+    // Process remaining IPs sequentially to respect rate limits
+    for (const ip of validIPs) {
+      results[ip] = await fetchIpLocation(ip);
+    }
+    
+    const response: ApiResponse<Record<string, IpLocationData | null>> = {
+      success: true,
+      data: results
+    };
+    
+    return NextResponse.json(response);
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error('Batch IP lookup error:', error);
+    
+    const response: ApiResponse<null> = {
+      success: false,
+      error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error occurred'
+    };
+    
+    return NextResponse.json(response, { status: 500 });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if IP is a private/local address
+ */
+function isPrivateIP(ip: string): boolean {
+  return (
+    ip.startsWith('10.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('192.168.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.16.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.17.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.18.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.19.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.20.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.21.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.22.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('127.') || 
+    ip === 'localhost' || 
+    ip === '::1'
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Generate location data for private IP addresses
+ */
+function getPrivateIPData(ip: string): IpLocationData {
+  return {
+    ip,
+    country_name: 'Local Network',
+    country_code: 'LO',
+    city: 'Local',
+    region: 'Local',
+    continent_code: 'LO',
+    continent_name: 'Local',
+    latitude: 0,
+    longitude: 0,
+    timestamp: Date.now()
+  };
+} 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/components/analytics/GeoAnalytics.tsx b/app/components/analytics/GeoAnalytics.tsx
index ffa093a..2f0a4da 100644
--- a/app/components/analytics/GeoAnalytics.tsx
+++ b/app/components/analytics/GeoAnalytics.tsx
@@ -1,14 +1,32 @@
 "use client";
 
-import { useState } from 'react';
+import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
 import { GeoData } from '@/app/api/types';
+import { getLocationsFromIPs } from '@/app/utils/ipLocation';
 
 interface GeoAnalyticsProps {
   data: GeoData[];
 }
 
+// Interface for IP location data in our cache
+interface IpLocationDetail {
+  country: string;
+  city: string;
+  region: string;
+  continent: string;
+}
+
+// Cache for IP location data
+interface LocationCache {
+  [key: string]: IpLocationDetail;
+}
+
 export default function GeoAnalytics({ data }: GeoAnalyticsProps) {
   const [viewMode, setViewMode] = useState<'country' | 'city' | 'region' | 'continent'>('country');
+  const [locationCache, setLocationCache] = useState<LocationCache>({});
+  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(false);
+  // Track IPs that failed to resolve
+  const [failedIPs, setFailedIPs] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set());
 
   // 安全地格式化数字
   const formatNumber = (value: number | undefined | null): string => {
@@ -27,7 +45,122 @@ export default function GeoAnalytics({ data }: GeoAnalyticsProps) {
   // Handle tab selection - only change local view mode
   const handleViewModeChange = (mode: 'country' | 'city' | 'region' | 'continent') => {
     setViewMode(mode);
-    // Only change the local view mode, no callback to parent
+  };
+
+  // Load location data for all IPs when the data changes
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const fetchLocations = async () => {
+      if (sortedData.length === 0) return;
+      
+      setIsLoading(true);
+      const tempCache: LocationCache = {...locationCache};
+      const tempFailedIPs = new Set(failedIPs);
+      
+      // Get all unique IPs that aren't already in the cache and haven't failed
+      const uniqueIPs = [...new Set(sortedData.map(item => item.location))].filter(ip => 
+        ip && 
+        ip !== 'Unknown' && 
+        !tempCache[ip] && 
+        !tempFailedIPs.has(ip)
+      );
+      
+      if (uniqueIPs.length === 0) {
+        setIsLoading(false);
+        return;
+      }
+      
+      try {
+        // Use batch lookup for better performance
+        const batchResults = await getLocationsFromIPs(uniqueIPs);
+        
+        // Convert results to our cache format
+        for (const [ip, data] of Object.entries(batchResults)) {
+          if (data) {
+            tempCache[ip] = {
+              country: data.country_name,
+              city: data.city,
+              region: data.region,
+              continent: data.continent_name
+            };
+          } else {
+            // Mark as failed
+            tempFailedIPs.add(ip);
+          }
+        }
+        
+        setLocationCache(tempCache);
+        setFailedIPs(tempFailedIPs);
+      } catch (error) {
+        console.error('Error fetching location data:', error);
+      } finally {
+        setIsLoading(false);
+      }
+    };
+    
+    fetchLocations();
+  }, [data]);
+
+  // Get the appropriate location value based on the current view mode
+  const getLocationValue = (item: GeoData): string => {
+    const ip = item.location || '';
+    
+    // If there's no IP or it's "Unknown", return that value
+    if (!ip || ip === 'Unknown') return 'Unknown';
+    
+    // If IP failed to resolve, return Unknown
+    if (failedIPs.has(ip)) {
+      return 'Unknown';
+    }
+    
+    // Return from cache if available
+    if (locationCache[ip]) {
+      switch (viewMode) {
+        case 'country':
+          return locationCache[ip].country || 'Unknown';
+        case 'city':
+          return locationCache[ip].city || 'Unknown';
+        case 'region':
+          return locationCache[ip].region || 'Unknown';
+        case 'continent':
+          return locationCache[ip].continent || 'Unknown';
+        default:
+          return ip;
+      }
+    }
+    
+    // Return placeholder if not in cache yet
+    return `Loading...`;
+  };
+
+  // Get the appropriate area value based on the current view mode
+  const getAreaValue = (item: GeoData): string => {
+    const ip = item.location || '';
+    
+    // If there's no IP or it's "Unknown", return empty string
+    if (!ip || ip === 'Unknown' || failedIPs.has(ip)) return '';
+    
+    // Return from cache if available
+    if (locationCache[ip]) {
+      switch (viewMode) {
+        case 'country':
+          // For country view, show the continent as area
+          return locationCache[ip].continent || '';
+        case 'city':
+          // For city view, show the country and region
+          return `${locationCache[ip].country}, ${locationCache[ip].region}`;
+        case 'region':
+          // For region view, show the country
+          return locationCache[ip].country || '';
+        case 'continent':
+          // For continent view, no additional area needed
+          return '';
+        default:
+          return '';
+      }
+    }
+    
+    // Return empty if not in cache yet
+    return '';
   };
 
   return (
@@ -60,6 +193,14 @@ export default function GeoAnalytics({ data }: GeoAnalyticsProps) {
         </button>
       </div>
 
+      {/* Loading indicator */}
+      {isLoading && (
+        <div className="flex justify-center items-center py-2 mb-4">
+          <div className="animate-spin rounded-full h-4 w-4 border-b-2 border-blue-500 mr-2"></div>
+          <span className="text-sm text-gray-500">Loading location data...</span>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
       {/* Table with added area column */}
       <div className="overflow-x-auto">
         <table className="min-w-full divide-y divide-gray-200">
@@ -71,9 +212,9 @@ export default function GeoAnalytics({ data }: GeoAnalyticsProps) {
                  viewMode === 'region' ? 'Region' : 'Continent'}
               </th>
               <th scope="col" className="px-6 py-3 text-left text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider">
-                {viewMode === 'country' ? 'Countries' : 
-                 viewMode === 'city' ? 'Cities' : 
-                 viewMode === 'region' ? 'Regions' : 'Continents'}
+                {viewMode === 'country' ? 'Continent' : 
+                 viewMode === 'city' ? 'Location' : 
+                 viewMode === 'region' ? 'Country' : 'Area'}
               </th>
               <th scope="col" className="px-6 py-3 text-left text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider">
                 Visits
@@ -91,10 +232,13 @@ export default function GeoAnalytics({ data }: GeoAnalyticsProps) {
               sortedData.map((item, index) => (
                 <tr key={index} className={index % 2 === 0 ? 'bg-white' : 'bg-gray-50'}>
                   <td className="px-6 py-4 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-900">
-                    {item.location || 'Unknown'}
+                    {getLocationValue(item)}
+                    {item.location && (
+                      <div className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">{item.location}</div>
+                    )}
                   </td>
                   <td className="px-6 py-4 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-500">
-                    {item.area || ''}
+                    {getAreaValue(item)}
                   </td>
                   <td className="px-6 py-4 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-900">
                     {formatNumber(item.visits)}
diff --git a/app/components/ipLocationTest.tsx b/app/components/ipLocationTest.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f359849
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/components/ipLocationTest.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+"use client";
+
+import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
+import { getLocationFromIP } from '@/app/utils/ipLocation';
+
+interface LocationData {
+  ip: string;
+  country_name: string;
+  country_code: string;
+  city: string;
+  region: string;
+  continent_code: string;
+  continent_name: string;
+  latitude: number;
+  longitude: number;
+}
+
+export default function IpLocationTest() {
+  const [locationData, setLocationData] = useState<LocationData | null>(null);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
+  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  
+  const testIp = "120.244.39.90";
+  
+  useEffect(() => {
+    async function fetchLocation() {
+      try {
+        setLoading(true);
+        setError(null);
+        
+        const data = await getLocationFromIP(testIp);
+        setLocationData(data);
+        
+      } catch (err) {
+        setError(err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error occurred');
+      } finally {
+        setLoading(false);
+      }
+    }
+    
+    fetchLocation();
+  }, []);
+  
+  return (
+    <div className="p-4 bg-white rounded-lg shadow">
+      <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold mb-4">IP Location Test: {testIp}</h2>
+      
+      {loading && (
+        <div className="flex items-center text-gray-500">
+          <div className="animate-spin rounded-full h-4 w-4 border-b-2 border-blue-500 mr-2"></div>
+          Loading location data...
+        </div>
+      )}
+      
+      {error && (
+        <div className="text-red-500">
+          Error: {error}
+        </div>
+      )}
+      
+      {!loading && locationData && (
+        <div className="space-y-4">
+          <div>
+            <h3 className="font-medium">Location Data:</h3>
+            <pre className="mt-2 p-4 bg-gray-100 rounded overflow-auto">
+              {JSON.stringify(locationData, null, 2)}
+            </pre>
+          </div>
+          
+          <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
+            <div className="border p-3 rounded">
+              <h4 className="font-medium">Country</h4>
+              <div>{locationData.country_name} ({locationData.country_code})</div>
+            </div>
+            
+            <div className="border p-3 rounded">
+              <h4 className="font-medium">City</h4>
+              <div>{locationData.city || 'N/A'}</div>
+            </div>
+            
+            <div className="border p-3 rounded">
+              <h4 className="font-medium">Region</h4>
+              <div>{locationData.region || 'N/A'}</div>
+            </div>
+            
+            <div className="border p-3 rounded">
+              <h4 className="font-medium">Continent</h4>
+              <div>{locationData.continent_name} ({locationData.continent_code})</div>
+            </div>
+            
+            <div className="border p-3 rounded col-span-2">
+              <h4 className="font-medium">Coordinates</h4>
+              <div>Latitude: {locationData.latitude}, Longitude: {locationData.longitude}</div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+} 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/ip-test/page.tsx b/app/ip-test/page.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..abc43d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/ip-test/page.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import IpLocationTest from '../components/ipLocationTest';
+
+export default function IpTestPage() {
+  return (
+    <div className="container mx-auto p-4 max-w-4xl">
+      <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold mb-6">IP to Location Test</h1>
+      <IpLocationTest />
+    </div>
+  );
+} 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/utils/ipLocation.ts b/app/utils/ipLocation.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7388519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/utils/ipLocation.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+interface IpLocationData {
+  ip: string;
+  country_name: string;
+  country_code: string;
+  city: string;
+  region: string;
+  continent_code: string;
+  continent_name: string;
+  latitude: number;
+  longitude: number;
+  timestamp?: number; // When this data was fetched
+}
+
+// In-memory cache
+let locationCache: Record<string, IpLocationData> = {};
+
+// Blacklist for IPs that failed to resolve multiple times
+let failedIPs: Record<string, { attempts: number, lastAttempt: number }> = {};
+
+// Cache expiration time (30 days in milliseconds)
+const CACHE_EXPIRATION = 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
+
+// Max retries for a failed IP
+const MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS = 3;
+
+// Retry timeout (24 hours in milliseconds)
+const RETRY_TIMEOUT = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000;
+
+// Max number of IPs to batch in a single request
+const MAX_BATCH_SIZE = 10;
+
+/**
+ * Initialize cache from localStorage
+ */
+const initializeCache = () => {
+  if (typeof window === 'undefined') return;
+  
+  try {
+    // Load location cache
+    const cachedData = localStorage.getItem('ip-location-cache');
+    if (cachedData) {
+      const parsedCache = JSON.parse(cachedData);
+      
+      // Filter out expired entries
+      const now = Date.now();
+      const validEntries = Object.entries(parsedCache).filter(([, data]) => {
+        const entry = data as IpLocationData;
+        return entry.timestamp && now - entry.timestamp < CACHE_EXPIRATION;
+      });
+      
+      locationCache = Object.fromEntries(validEntries) as Record<string, IpLocationData>;
+      console.log(`Loaded ${validEntries.length} IP locations from cache`);
+    }
+    
+    // Load failed IPs
+    const failedIPsData = localStorage.getItem('ip-location-blacklist');
+    if (failedIPsData) {
+      const parsedFailedIPs = JSON.parse(failedIPsData);
+      
+      // Filter out expired blacklist entries
+      const now = Date.now();
+      const validFailedEntries = Object.entries(parsedFailedIPs).filter(([, data]) => {
+        const entry = data as { attempts: number, lastAttempt: number };
+        // Keep entries that have max attempts or haven't timed out yet
+        return entry.attempts >= MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS || 
+               now - entry.lastAttempt < RETRY_TIMEOUT;
+      });
+      
+      failedIPs = Object.fromEntries(validFailedEntries) as Record<string, { attempts: number, lastAttempt: number }>;
+      console.log(`Loaded ${validFailedEntries.length} blacklisted IPs`);
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error('Failed to load IP location cache:', error);
+    // Reset cache if corrupted
+    localStorage.removeItem('ip-location-cache');
+    localStorage.removeItem('ip-location-blacklist');
+    locationCache = {};
+    failedIPs = {};
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Save cache to localStorage
+ */
+const saveCache = () => {
+  if (typeof window === 'undefined') return;
+  
+  try {
+    localStorage.setItem('ip-location-cache', JSON.stringify(locationCache));
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error('Failed to save IP location cache:', error);
+    
+    // If localStorage is full, clear old entries
+    if (error instanceof DOMException && error.name === 'QuotaExceededError') {
+      // Clear older entries - keep newest 100
+      const entries = Object.entries(locationCache)
+        .sort((a, b) => {
+          const timestampA = (a[1].timestamp || 0);
+          const timestampB = (b[1].timestamp || 0);
+          return timestampB - timestampA;
+        })
+        .slice(0, 100);
+      
+      locationCache = Object.fromEntries(entries);
+      localStorage.setItem('ip-location-cache', JSON.stringify(locationCache));
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Save failed IPs to localStorage
+ */
+const saveFailedIPs = () => {
+  if (typeof window === 'undefined') return;
+  
+  try {
+    localStorage.setItem('ip-location-blacklist', JSON.stringify(failedIPs));
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error('Failed to save IP blacklist:', error);
+    
+    // If localStorage is full, limit the size
+    if (error instanceof DOMException && error.name === 'QuotaExceededError') {
+      // Keep only IPs with max attempts
+      const entries = Object.entries(failedIPs)
+        .filter(([, data]) => data.attempts >= MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS);
+      
+      failedIPs = Object.fromEntries(entries);
+      localStorage.setItem('ip-location-blacklist', JSON.stringify(failedIPs));
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Check if IP is a private/local address
+ */
+const isPrivateIP = (ip: string): boolean => {
+  return (
+    ip.startsWith('10.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('192.168.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.16.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.17.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.18.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.19.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.20.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.21.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('172.22.') || 
+    ip.startsWith('127.') || 
+    ip === 'localhost' || 
+    ip === '::1'
+  );
+};
+
+/**
+ * Check if an IP should be skipped (blacklisted)
+ */
+const shouldSkipIP = (ip: string): boolean => {
+  // If not in failed list, don't skip
+  if (!failedIPs[ip]) return false;
+  
+  const now = Date.now();
+  
+  // If reached max attempts, skip
+  if (failedIPs[ip].attempts >= MAX_RETRY_ATTEMPTS) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  
+  // If hasn't been long enough since last attempt, skip
+  if (now - failedIPs[ip].lastAttempt < RETRY_TIMEOUT) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  
+  // Otherwise, we can try again
+  return false;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Mark IP as failed
+ */
+const markIPAsFailed = (ip: string): void => {
+  const now = Date.now();
+  
+  if (failedIPs[ip]) {
+    failedIPs[ip] = {
+      attempts: failedIPs[ip].attempts + 1,
+      lastAttempt: now
+    };
+  } else {
+    failedIPs[ip] = {
+      attempts: 1,
+      lastAttempt: now
+    };
+  }
+  
+  saveFailedIPs();
+};
+
+/**
+ * Get location data for a single IP address
+ */
+const fetchSingleIP = async (ip: string): Promise<IpLocationData | null> => {
+  // Skip blacklisted IPs
+  if (shouldSkipIP(ip)) {
+    console.log(`Skipping blacklisted IP: ${ip}`);
+    return null;
+  }
+  
+  try {
+    const response = await fetch(`https://ipapi.co/${ip}/json/`);
+    
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      console.error(`Error fetching location for IP ${ip}: ${response.statusText}`);
+      markIPAsFailed(ip);
+      return null;
+    }
+    
+    const data = await response.json();
+    
+    if (data.error) {
+      console.error(`Error fetching location for IP ${ip}: ${data.reason}`);
+      markIPAsFailed(ip);
+      return null;
+    }
+    
+    // Reset failed attempts if successful
+    if (failedIPs[ip]) {
+      delete failedIPs[ip];
+      saveFailedIPs();
+    }
+    
+    const locationData: IpLocationData = {
+      ip: data.ip,
+      country_name: data.country_name || 'Unknown',
+      country_code: data.country_code || 'UN',
+      city: data.city || 'Unknown',
+      region: data.region || 'Unknown',
+      continent_code: data.continent_code || 'UN',
+      continent_name: getContinentName(data.continent_code) || 'Unknown',
+      latitude: data.latitude || 0,
+      longitude: data.longitude || 0,
+      timestamp: Date.now()
+    };
+    
+    return locationData;
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error(`Error fetching location for IP ${ip}:`, error);
+    markIPAsFailed(ip);
+    return null;
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Batch process multiple IPs at once using our own API endpoint
+ * This is a placeholder - we'll create a server API route for this
+ */
+const fetchBatchIPs = async (ips: string[]): Promise<Record<string, IpLocationData | null>> => {
+  try {
+    // Filter out blacklisted IPs
+    const validIPs = ips.filter(ip => !shouldSkipIP(ip));
+    
+    if (validIPs.length === 0) {
+      return {};
+    }
+    
+    const response = await fetch('/api/geo/batch', {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: {
+        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+      },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ ips: validIPs }),
+    });
+    
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      throw new Error(`Batch request failed: ${response.statusText}`);
+    }
+    
+    const results = await response.json();
+    
+    // Mark failed IPs from results
+    for (const [ip, data] of Object.entries(results.data)) {
+      if (!data) {
+        markIPAsFailed(ip);
+      } else if (failedIPs[ip]) {
+        // Reset failed attempts if successful
+        delete failedIPs[ip];
+      }
+    }
+    
+    saveFailedIPs();
+    return results.data;
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error('Error in batch IP lookup:', error);
+    
+    // Fallback to individual requests
+    const results: Record<string, IpLocationData | null> = {};
+    for (const ip of ips) {
+      // Skip blacklisted IPs
+      if (shouldSkipIP(ip)) {
+        results[ip] = null;
+        continue;
+      }
+      
+      // Add delays between requests to avoid rate limiting
+      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 200));
+      results[ip] = await fetchSingleIP(ip);
+    }
+    return results;
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Handle private IP addresses
+ */
+const getPrivateIPData = (ip: string): IpLocationData => ({
+  ip,
+  country_name: 'Local Network',
+  country_code: 'LO',
+  city: 'Local',
+  region: 'Local',
+  continent_code: 'LO',
+  continent_name: 'Local',
+  latitude: 0,
+  longitude: 0,
+  timestamp: Date.now()
+});
+
+/**
+ * Convert an IP address to location information
+ * Individual lookup for a single IP
+ */
+export async function getLocationFromIP(ip: string): Promise<IpLocationData | null> {
+  // Initialize cache from localStorage if needed
+  if (Object.keys(locationCache).length === 0) {
+    initializeCache();
+  }
+  
+  // Handle private IP addresses
+  if (isPrivateIP(ip)) {
+    const privateIPData = getPrivateIPData(ip);
+    locationCache[ip] = privateIPData;
+    return privateIPData;
+  }
+  
+  // Skip blacklisted IPs
+  if (shouldSkipIP(ip)) {
+    console.log(`Skipping blacklisted IP: ${ip}`);
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  // Return from cache if available and not expired
+  if (locationCache[ip]) {
+    const cachedData = locationCache[ip];
+    const now = Date.now();
+    
+    // Return cached data if not expired
+    if (cachedData.timestamp && now - cachedData.timestamp < CACHE_EXPIRATION) {
+      return cachedData;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Fetch new data
+  const locationData = await fetchSingleIP(ip);
+  
+  // Save to cache if successful
+  if (locationData) {
+    locationCache[ip] = locationData;
+    saveCache();
+  }
+  
+  return locationData;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Batch lookup for multiple IPs at once
+ * More efficient than calling getLocationFromIP multiple times
+ */
+export async function getLocationsFromIPs(ips: string[]): Promise<Record<string, IpLocationData | null>> {
+  // Initialize cache from localStorage if needed
+  if (Object.keys(locationCache).length === 0) {
+    initializeCache();
+  }
+  
+  // Filter out IPs that are already in cache and not expired
+  const now = Date.now();
+  const cachedResults: Record<string, IpLocationData> = {};
+  const ipsToFetch: string[] = [];
+  
+  for (const ip of ips) {
+    // Handle private IPs
+    if (isPrivateIP(ip)) {
+      cachedResults[ip] = getPrivateIPData(ip);
+      continue;
+    }
+    
+    // Skip blacklisted IPs
+    if (shouldSkipIP(ip)) {
+      console.log(`Skipping blacklisted IP: ${ip}`);
+      continue;
+    }
+    
+    // Check cache
+    if (locationCache[ip] && locationCache[ip].timestamp && 
+        now - locationCache[ip].timestamp < CACHE_EXPIRATION) {
+      cachedResults[ip] = locationCache[ip];
+    } else {
+      ipsToFetch.push(ip);
+    }
+  }
+  
+  // If all IPs were cached or blacklisted, return immediately
+  if (ipsToFetch.length === 0) {
+    return cachedResults;
+  }
+  
+  // Process IPs in batches to avoid overwhelming the API
+  const results: Record<string, IpLocationData | null> = { ...cachedResults };
+  
+  // Process in smaller batches (e.g., 10 IPs at a time)
+  for (let i = 0; i < ipsToFetch.length; i += MAX_BATCH_SIZE) {
+    const batchIPs = ipsToFetch.slice(i, i + MAX_BATCH_SIZE);
+    
+    // Batch request
+    const batchResults = await fetchBatchIPs(batchIPs);
+    
+    // Update results and cache
+    for (const [ip, data] of Object.entries(batchResults)) {
+      results[ip] = data;
+      if (data) {
+        locationCache[ip] = data;
+      }
+    }
+    
+    // Save updated cache
+    saveCache();
+    
+    // Add delay between batches
+    if (i + MAX_BATCH_SIZE < ipsToFetch.length) {
+      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1000));
+    }
+  }
+  
+  return results;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get continent name from continent code
+ */
+function getContinentName(code?: string): string {
+  if (!code) return 'Unknown';
+  
+  const continents: Record<string, string> = {
+    'AF': 'Africa',
+    'AN': 'Antarctica',
+    'AS': 'Asia',
+    'EU': 'Europe',
+    'NA': 'North America',
+    'OC': 'Oceania',
+    'SA': 'South America'
+  };
+  
+  return continents[code] || 'Unknown';
+}
+
+/**
+ * Get location information based on view mode
+ */
+export function getLocationByType(
+  locationData: IpLocationData | null, 
+  viewMode: 'country' | 'city' | 'region' | 'continent'
+): string {
+  if (!locationData) return 'Unknown';
+  
+  switch (viewMode) {
+    case 'country':
+      return locationData.country_name || 'Unknown';
+    case 'city':
+      return locationData.city || 'Unknown';
+    case 'region':
+      return locationData.region || 'Unknown';
+    case 'continent':
+      return locationData.continent_name || 'Unknown';
+    default:
+      return 'Unknown';
+  }
+} 
\ No newline at end of file